Kruger Blower Selection Software' title='Kruger Blower Selection Software' />Monsanto Wikipedia. Monsanto Company is a publicly traded American multinationalagrochemical and agricultural biotechnology corporation. It is headquartered in Creve Coeur, Greater St. Louis, Missouri. Monsanto is a leading producer of genetically engineered GE seed and Roundup, a glyphosate based herbicide. Monsanto has agreed to accept Bayers offer to purchase the company for 6. September 2. 01. 6, and the deal is currently pending regulatory approval. OvervieweditMonsanto has been involved in research on catalyticasymmetric hydrogenation and the first mass produced light emitting diodes LEDs51 in addition to its work on genetic engineering. Monsanto was one of four groups to introduce genes into plants 1. It was one of the top 1. U. S. chemical companies until it divested most of its chemical businesses between 1. Monsanto was one of the first companies to apply the biotechnology industry business model to agriculture, using techniques developed by biotech drug companies. In this business model, companies recoup R D expenses by exploiting biological patents. Monsantos roles in agricultural changes, biotechnology products and lobbying of government agencies and roots as a chemical company have surrounded the company in controversies. Markair-Logo.png' alt='Kruger Blower Selection Software' title='Kruger Blower Selection Software' />The company once manufactured controversial products such as the insecticide. DDT, PCBs, Agent Orange and recombinantbovine growth hormone. Its seed patenting model was criticized as biopiracy and a threat to biodiversity. HistoryeditOld Monsantoedit1. WWIIeditIn 1. 90. Monsanto was founded in St. Louis, Missouri, as a chemical company. The founder was John Francis Queeny, a 3. He funded the firm with his own money and capital from a soft drink distributor. A hedge is an investment position intended to offset potential losses or gains that may be incurred by a companion investment. In simple language, a hedge is used to. Archives and past articles from the Philadelphia Inquirer, Philadelphia Daily News, and Philly. He used his wifes maiden name for the company. The companys first products were commodity food additives, such as the artificial sweetenersaccharin, caffeine and vanillin. Monsanto expanded to Europe in 1. Graessers Chemical Works at Cefn Mawr, Wales. The venture produced vanillin, aspirin and its raw ingredient salicylic acid and later rubber processing chemicals. In the 1. 92. 0s, Monsanto expanded into basic industrial chemicals such as sulfuric acid and PCBs. Queenys son Edgar Monsanto Queeny took over the company in 1. In 1. 92. 6 the company founded and incorporated a town called Monsanto in Illinois now known as Sauget. Silicone Mastic Tools more. It was formed to provide minimal regulation and low taxes for Monsanto plants at a time when local jurisdictions had most of the responsibility for environmental rules. It was renamed in honor of Leo Sauget, its first village president. In 1. 93. 5, Monsanto bought the Swann Chemical Company in Anniston, Alabama, and thereby entered the business of producing PCBs. In 1. 93. 6, Monsanto acquired Thomas Hochwalt Laboratories in Dayton, Ohio, to acquire the expertise of Charles Allen Thomas and Carroll A. Hochwalt. The acquisition became Monsantos Central Research Department. Thomas spent the rest of his career at Monsanto, serving as President 1. Board Chair 1. 96. He retired in 1. 97. In 1. 94. 3, Thomas was called to a meeting in Washington, DC, with Leslie Groves, commander of the Manhattan Project, and James Conant, president of Harvard University and chairman of the National Defense Research Committee NDRC. They urged Thomas to become co director of the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos with Robert Oppenheimer, but Thomas was reluctant to leave Dayton and Monsanto. He joined the NDRC, and Monsantos Central Research Department began to conduct related research. To that end, Monsanto operated the Dayton Project, and later Mound Laboratories, and assisted in the development of the first nuclear weapons. Post WWIIeditIn 1. Monsanto developed and marketed All laundry detergent, which they sold to Lever Brothers in 1. In 1. 94. 7, its styrene factory was destroyed in the Texas City Disaster. In 1. 94. 9, Monsanto acquired American Viscose from Courtaulds. In 1. 95. 4, Monsanto partnered with German chemical giant Bayer to form Mobay and market polyurethanes in the United States. Monsanto began manufacturing DDT in 1. This insecticide was critical to the fight against malaria transmitting mosquitoes. Due to DDTs toxicity, it was banned in the United States in 1. In 1. 97. 7, Monsanto stopped producing PCBs Congress banned PCB production two years later. In the mid1. 96. William Standish Knowles and his team invented a way to selectively synthesize enantiomers via asymmetric hydrogenation. This was the first method for the catalytic production of pure chiral compounds. Knowles team designed the first industrial process to chirally synthesize an important compound Ldopa, which is used to treat Parkinsons disease. In 2. 00. 1, Knowles and Ryji Noyori won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. In the mid 1. 96. Monsanto developed the Monsanto process for making acetic acid, which until 2. In 1. 96. 4, Monsanto chemists invented Astro. Turf initially Chem. Grass. 3. 7In the 1. Monsanto was a major producer of Agent Orange for United States Armed Forces operations in Vietnam. In 1. 96. 8, it became the first company to start mass production of visible light emitting diodes LEDs, using gallium arsenidephosphide. From 1. 96. 8 to 1. Their products discrete LEDs and seven segment numeric displays became industry standards. The primary markets then were electronic calculators, digital watches and digital clocks. Monsanto became a pioneer of optoelectronics in the 1. Between 1. 96. 8 and 1. PGA Tour event in Pensacola, Fla., which was renamed the Monsanto Open. In 1. 97. 4, Harvard University and Monsanto signed a 1. Judah Folkman, which became the largest such arrangement ever made medical inventions arising from that research were the first for which Harvard allowed its faculty to submit patent application. Becoming an agribiotecheditMonsanto scientists were among the first to genetically modify a plant cell, publishing their results in 1. Five years later the company conducted the first field tests of genetically modified crops. Increasing involvement in agricultural biotechnology dates from the installment of Richard Mahoney as Monsantos CEO in 1. This involvement increased under the leadership of Robert Shapiro, appointed CEO in 1. In 1. 98. 5, Monsanto acquired G. D. Searle Company, a life sciences company that focused on pharmaceuticals, agriculture and animal health. In 1. 99. 3, its Searle division filed a patent application for Celebrex,4. COX2 inhibitor to be approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration FDA. Celebrex became a blockbuster drug and was often mentioned as a key reason for Pfizers acquisition of Monsantos pharmaceutical business in 2. Moving into the seed market industry consolidationeditIn 1. Monsanto introduced a recombinant version of bovine somatotropin, brand named Posilac. Monsanto later sold this business to Eli Lilly and Company. In 1. 99. 6, Monsanto purchased Agracetus, the biotechnology company that had generated the first transgenic cotton, soybeans, peanuts and other crops, and from which Monsanto had been licensing technology since 1. Monsanto first entered the maize seed business when it purchased 4. Dekalb in 1. 99. 6 it purchased the remainder of the corporation in 1. In 1. 99. 8, Monsanto purchased Cargills international seed business, which gave it access to sales and distribution facilities in 5. In 2. 00. 5, it finalized the purchase of Seminis Inc, a leading global vegetable and fruit seed company, for 1. This made it the worlds largest conventional seed company. In 1. 99. 9 Monsanto sold off Nutra. Sweet Co. 1. 5 In December of the same year, Monsanto agreed to merge with Pharmacia Upjohn, in a deal valuing the transaction at 2. The agricultural division became a wholly owned subsidiary of the new Pharmacia Monsantos medical research division, which included products such as Celebrex.